Bunions are one of the most common foot deformities, affecting a significant portion of the population. At West Haven Foot and Ankle, we frequently treat patients who are dealing with the discomfort and inconvenience of bunions. This post will cover the basics of what bunions are, what causes them, and how they can impact your life.

What is a Bunion?

A bunion, medically known as hallux valgus, is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. This occurs when some of the bones in the front part of your foot move out of place. As a result, the tip of your big toe gets pulled toward the smaller toes and forces the joint at the base of your big toe to stick out. The skin over the bunion might be red and sore.

Causes of Bunions

• Genetic Factors: Family history plays a significant role in the development of bunions, indicating a hereditary component.

• Footwear: Wearing tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes can exacerbate the formation of bunions.

• Foot Stress or Injuries: High impact activities and foot injuries can contribute to bunion formation.

• Arthritis: Certain types of arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis, can cause discomfort and lead to bunions.

Symptoms of Bunions

• Visible Bump: The most obvious sign of a bunion is a bump at the base of the big toe.

• Pain and Tenderness: This can occur at the site of the bunion or throughout the foot.

• Stiffness and Limited Movement: As the bunion develops, moving the big toe can become painful or difficult.

• Corns and Calluses: These often develop where the first and second toes overlap.

Diagnosing and Treating Bunions

Diagnosis of a bunion is generally straightforward and involves a physical examination, possibly supported by X-rays to determine the degree of the deformity.

Treatment can range from conservative to surgical:

• Conservative Treatments: Include wearing more comfortable shoes, using padding and orthotic devices, and taking pain relief medication.

• Surgical Treatments: Surgery might be recommended to realign bones, ligaments, tendons, and nerves so that the big toe can be brought back to its correct position.

Conclusion

Understanding the fundamentals of bunions is the first step towards effective management. If you're experiencing any of the symptoms or have concerns about bunions, our team at West Haven Foot and Ankle is here to help. We offer tailored treatments designed to relieve pain and improve foot function, so you can continue to move freely and comfortably.